SUSTAINABLE TOURISM: A CHALLENGE FOR NATURE-BASED TOURISM (NBT) OBJECT

Abstract

The tourism sector contributes to gross domestic product (GDP) of 4.05% (2020) and 4.2% (2021). Likewise, the tourism sector's foreign exchange in 2020 was 3.2 billion US dollars. One of the potentials of the Indonesian tourism sector is Natural-based Tourism (NBT) tourist attractions such as national parks, geoparks, flora and fauna parks, conservation forests, rural tourism and the like. For example the Ir.H Djuanda Grand Forest Park (Tahura) conservation forest in Bandung City, and Ujung Kulon National Park (TNUK) in Pandeglang Regency. However, many tourist destinations have not implemented the concept of sustainable tourism which consist of three main elements, namely social, economic and environmental. As a result, many tourist destinations have ignored environmental sustainability, created pollution, produced waste, and did not involve local communities. The research results show that several NBT managements face internal and external problems such as habitat destruction, land degradation, illegal logging and poaching. Therefore, the development of NBT needs to be redesigned in accordance with implementing the concept of sustainable tourism so that it is competitive and sustainable.