UNPACKING THE NEXUS BETWEEN AGILE LEADERSHIP, CROWD LOGISTICS, AND LAST-MILE DELIVERY EFFICIENCY: INSIGHTS FROM PT POS INDONESIA

Abstract

The logistics industry is undergoing substantial changes due to the growth of e-commerce and digital transformation, which demands increased last-mile delivery (LMD) efficiency. PT Pos Indonesia faces challenges in maintaining competitiveness during global competition and complex infrastructure. Agile Leadership and Crowd Logistics are two approaches that can improve operational flexibility and distribution efficiency. However, the relationship between the two in the context of LMD is still not widely explored empirically. This research aims to evaluate the influence of Agile Leadership on LMD efficiency at PT Pos Indonesia and analyze the role of Crowd Logistics in improving distribution effectiveness. This research uses a quantitative approach with a survey method on managers and operational staff of PT Pos Indonesia. Data analysis was carried out using the Variance-based Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method to test the relationship between the research variables. The results show that Agile Leadership has a positive and significant influence on LMD efficiency through increased responsiveness and operational flexibility. In addition, Crowd Logistics contributes to speeding up delivery and reducing distribution costs by leveraging community participation. The interaction between Agile Leadership and Crowd Logistics creates synergies that strengthen PT Pos Indonesia's competitiveness in facing logistical challenges. Theoretically, this research enriches the literature on logistics management and agile leadership in the context of distribution. From a practical perspective, the results of this research provide recommendations for logistics companies to adopt more adaptive and community-based strategies to improve operational efficiency.