THE ROLE OF ROBOTIC TECHNOLOGY AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) IN ENHANCING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF DIGITALIZATION AND AUTOMATION OF LOGISTICS SERVICES: A STUDY ON PT POS INDONESIA (PERSERO)

Abstract

Digital transformation in logistics is critical in the era of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, especially for state-owned enterprises like PT Pos Indonesia (Persero), which compete with startups and private logistics companies. This research shows that the implementation of robotic technology and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is not yet optimal. This shortcoming is caused by issues such as limited system integration, lack of human resource training, and the mismatch between technology features and field needs. The main objective of this research is to see how robotic and RFID technology help improve the digitalization and automation of PT Pos Indonesia's logistics services. This research uses a causal associative quantitative approach. Data were collected from 250 individuals directly involved in the use of robotic and RFID technology at PT Pos Indonesia. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to analyse the data using the SMARTPLS 4.0 application. The results show that RFID technology has a positive and significant impact on digitalization effectiveness (0.081, p-value 0.516) and service automation (0.706, p-value 0.000). Conversely, robotic technology has a positive and significant impact on digitalization effectiveness of 0.130, with a p-value of 0.231, but does not have a significant impact on service automation with p-values of 0.098 and 0.316. As a result, compared to robotic technology, RFID is more effective in supporting the digitalization and automation of logistics services. This study found that the integration of RFID technology is a crucial component in driving the digital transformation and automation of logistics services at PT Pos Indonesia (Persero).